Structural characteristics of vertical milling machine

Vertical milling machine is a powerful metal cutting #MillingMachine. Its rigidity is strong, feed speed range is wide, can withstand heavy load cutting.

Let's take a look at the function of vertical milling machine first.Milling machine spindle taper hole can be directly or through the installation of accessories to achieve the processing of various parts of the plane, slope, groove, hole and so on. It is the ideal manufacturing equipment for machinery manufacturing, mold, instrumentation, automobile and other industries.

The role of this machine is strong, thanks to its own characteristics. Let's take a look at the structural characteristics of the milling machine.

1, the base of the milling machine, the fuselage, table, slide, lift slider, spindle box and other major components are made of high-strength materials, and by artificial aging treatment, to ensure long-term stability of the machine.

2, vertical milling head can be rotated in the vertical plane to adjust ± 45 °, expand the machine processing range.The spindle bearing is tapered roller bearing, and its bearing capacity is strong. And the main shaft adopts energy consumption braking, the braking torque is large, and the stopping is quick and reliable.

3, the table in the X, Y, Z three directions have manual feed, motor feed and mobile fast forward in three ways. Feed rate can meet different processing requirements.The rapid feed can make the workpiece reach the processing position quickly, the processing is convenient and quick, and the machining time is shortened.

4, the rails of machine tool are quenched, precision grinding and scraping treatment, and with forced lubrication, improve accuracy, and can extend the service life.

5, the lubrication device can be forced lubrication of the screw and guide rail to reduce the wear and tear of the machine to ensure the efficient operation of the machine. At the same time, the cooling system by adjusting the nozzle to change the size of the cooling fluid to meet the different processing needs.

6, vertical milling machine design and manufacturing in line with the principles of human engineering, easy to operate. The operation panel is designed with visual symbols, which is simple and intuitive.

Milling machine features bright, wide range of applications, is a very important machine processing equipment. Only by mastering the structural features and processing advantages of vertical milling machines, can we better choose the machines suitable for ourselves.

This is a kind of unique milling machine!

General milling machine is based on milling for its main function, so the general #MillingMachine in the beginning of the design will be to achieve better milling function as the main goal. However, in the process of machining, only with the milling function, sometimes can not meet other processing requirements, so the milling machine with special features came into being.

Drilling and milling machine is a kind of unique milling machine.Ordinary milling machines mainly rely on the rotation of the spindle and the table of different angles of movement to achieve cutting. Ordinary machines usually do not have a drilling function, and if the machine has the function of drilling, then the milling function will be weakened. Because the function of the drill requires that the spindle can be stretched and retracted, it will weaken the stability and accuracy of the spindle. However, some of the actual use of the environment, the drill function or a great demand, such as mechanical maintenance, family, farm and other requirements of the milling function is not high but the site and multi-functional requirements of the use of high scenes. So the designers combined with the characteristics of drilling machine and milling machine designed a kind of unique machine, is the drilling and milling machine.

Let's take a look at the spindle part of this type of milling machine. Usually this machine has belt drive and gear drive in two forms. In order to maximize the milling function of the milling machine, the spindle travel of this machine is usually designed to be 100 to 130 mm. The spindle diameter is typically 100 to 150 mm. Spindle is usually designed with MT4, ISO30, ISO40, ISO50, spindle end generally use strong bearings to ensure that the machine cutting rigidity, but also has a drilling function.For milling and drilling the use of a larger number of more flexible, this machine generally uses the extension of the ram, and can be rotated about 90 degrees, so as to maximize the quality of this machine to ensure the perfect. As can be seen from the above description, although this type of milling machine can be used for milling and drilling, but because of its extension arm is mobile, so compared to ordinary milling machine its stability and accuracy are inadequate. So this type of machine is mainly used for mechanical maintenance and home use, not suitable for specialized production enterprises to use. At the same time in the production process, this kind of machine arm scraping precision and the installation precision is high,otherwise it is difficult to meet the requirements.

Only when we understand the advantages and disadvantages of different milling machines can we choose the suitable milling machine according to our own requirements.I hope my introduction can provide some reference for your purchase.

What you must know about the principles of milling machine design!

At the beginning of #MillingMachine design, it is necessary to consider some factors, such as structure, vertical or horizontal, power, travel data and transmission mode. These factors directly determine the functions and characteristics of the milling machine.

The mechanical structure is usually considered according to the requirements of the product, such as the bed type or the lifting table. Bed type milling machine is mainly used for processing large workpieces, because the workpiece generally only do X to Y movement, generally milling machine spindle Z movement. This solves the problem that the size of the workpiece is large or the weight of the workpiece affects the machining accuracy and instability in the process of movement. Usually this kind of milling machine spindle power is relatively large, cutting performance is strong, and the spindle can generally rotate around.Normally, milling machines are required to be flexible and wide in use. In this case, you must consider the lifting table milling machine in the design. Lifting table milling machine is usually divided into two types of vertical and horizontal.

These two milling machines are generally X, Y, Z axis direction can move, the work table can consider rotating or not rotating. The difficulties encountered in the design of vertical milling machines are the determination of the distance that the spindle extends. The designer needs to consider the distance that the main shaft extends as long as possible to ensure the stability of the main shaft. Because the distance between the main shaft directly affects the distance of the workpiece Y running.The longer the spindle extends, the poorer the machining stability of the spindle, and the poorer the machining accuracy. Therefore, the principle of combination structure of machine tools is very important, which directly determines whether the development of vertical milling machine is successful. We see that most of the vertical milling machines on the market are usually of one body, and usually the main part of the spindle should have a larger radian, which can solve the stability of the spindle part to the greatest extent.

Another kind of lifting table milling machine is horizontal milling machine, and X6132 is one of the most typical. Its overall dimensions are (2294mm*1770mm*1904mm). The most important part of horizontal milling machines is the processing performance of horizontal milling parts. First of all, the design height is reduced as much as possible under the premise of guaranteeing machining performance. Thus, the stability of the milling machine is improved in structure. Secondly, the spindle part of this milling machine is also a bright spot. The spindle bore is large (NT50), and the bevel bearing is adopted. The stability and the bearing capacity of this kind of bearing are very good. Then look at the transmission part, in front of the main axle limited space, designed a maximum gear transmission structure.This will not only solve the placement of the transmission part, but also to solve the spindle in the high-speed transmission stability. This is a great credit for the designer. 

This milling machine in the use of 200 mm milling cutter processing cast iron pieces can reach 10 mm, steel can reach 8 mm, so this machine is very popular with the market. In addition, this milling machine lubrication structure is also very good, simple and convenient, the maximum extent to meet the lubrication effect, the factory after five years or even ten years are rarely maintenance. For example, the spindle box with rain-type lubrication, easy to use, not because of individual lubrication problems caused by damage to the machine. I personally think that simple and reliable is the designer can not lose the design concept. The maximum degree of use of large modulus gear transmission, so the transmission stability is very good, coupled with reasonable lubrication, so this milling machine is stable and reliable. Coupled with this milling machine table can be rotated 45 degrees to process some special parts. At the same time you can also install some special accessories for processing more specifications of the workpiece.

Do you know the development of milling machine and its function?

It is well known that in the machinery manufacturing industry, milling machines have the role of other equipment can not be replaced. The development and role of #MillingMachine in the whole manufacturing industry can not be ignored.

In 1818, Whitney developed the first milling machine. By 1862, US engineer Joseph Brown developed the first universal milling machine. Milling machine has experienced from a simple processing equipment to today with a multi-functional high-intelligent processing center and combined with other equipment, integrated high-precision high-intelligent composite processing heart; from ordinary machine tools to high-performance, high intelligence, environmental protection integrated machine.This is not only experienced a simple mechanical transformation, but also in the system, electrical appliances, transmission structure, etc. has undergone tremendous changes.In 1952, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in a vertical milling machine on the installation of three-axis automatic feed system and to achieve three-axis automatic control, which is recognized as the world's first CNC milling machine. It is used in industrial and military have reached a precision and efficiency in the traditional manufacturing sector can not be achieved. For example, in the manufacture of aircraft wings, Parsons Corporation comprehensive use of digital technology and a variety of processing technology, so that the wing reached the highest level of accuracy. Therefore, industrial development should not only emancipate the labor force but also emancipate the productive forces. The development of science and technology is the first productive force.

In industrial manufacturing, lathes, milling machines, grinding machines, boring machines, planers, drilling machines are essential in the traditional industrial machinery and equipment, but also the basis for industrial manufacturing. To leave these foundations, industrial manufacturing is completely impossible. The lathe is the workpiece to do the rotary motion, so it is suitable for machining the shaft type workpiece. Milling machine is a tool to do rotary motion, so it is suitable for processing some linear motion of the workpiece. Grinding machine is mainly used to process the surface of the workpiece to improve the accuracy of the workpiece surface and finish. Boring machine is mainly used for processing holes in the workpiece. Planer is mainly used to process straight parts of the workpiece. The role of these machines are different, the choice of processing technology is not the same. Especially the milling machine, it not only has its own advantages, but it can also use some accessories to process different parts. Such as dividing head, turntable, plugs are all necessary accessories for milling machines.

Types of milling machines:

With the development of industry, people have developed a lot of types of milling machines.  Including the vertical milling machine, horizontal milling machine, copying milling machine, universal milling machine, drilling and milling machine, turret milling machine, lifting table milling machine, Longmen milling machine, tool milling machine and instrument automatic milling machine, CNC milling machine, CNC machining center, composite machining center.

From the original single workpiece rotation and tool rotation to the tool and the workpiece at the same time rotation. The first engineers developed by the workpiece and the tool at the same time the rotation is more mature results in the lathe on the basis of the transformation of the cyclone milling. At that time mainly in order to improve the screw and worm processing efficiency. Cyclone milling machining accuracy is not high, only rough processing, but also late finishing. The current composite processing center can solve this problem, not only high precision and efficiency is also high. Coupled with the rotary table, almost solved the complex parts, long duration, high difficulty, low yield of integrated issues, but also by the traditional rely on human technology to rely on scientific and technological capabilities. This solves the world industrial manufacturing in the major problems, to the global industrial, agricultural, military, science and technology development brings great convenience. The most critical of these developments is the development of milling technology, but also a major revolution in milling machines, but also a historic breakthrough.

Do you know the principle of universal milling machine cutting?

People who know #UniversalMillingMachine know that universal milling machine in a certain period of time can remove more metal, and the efficiency is very high. So, why is universal milling machine so efficient? In fact, the factors of cutting depth and milling speed and feed rate are related. Today, we will explain the principle of milling machine cutting, so that we understand more.

(1) cutting depth. The milling cutter is usually selected according to the scale of the cutting layer. For example, when milling a plane with a face milling cutter, the diameter of the cutter should generally be greater than the width of the cutting layer. When milling a flat surface with a cylindrical milling cutter, the length of the universal milling cutter is usually greater than the width of the cutting layer.

Milling

(2) feed rate. The rate of feed shall be selected according to the requirements of roughing and finishing. When roughing, the main factor that affects the feed rate is the cutting force.

(3) When cutting the sheet, it is difficult or even impossible to clamp the entire surface of the sheet. In the flat plate on the plate can not be completely flattened, universal milling machine milling the plane error, in order to solve this problem can be used sheet clamping method. That is, with two clamps sandwich the arc body, the clamp plate through the pin and the two plates connected together, through the pressure plate screw screw on the arc body. Milling, the sheet on the arc of the arc on the upper end of the arc, down to make it attached to the arc body, both sides with a pressure plate clamped after the same diameter can be used to bridge the diameter of the knife Come and finish the other side. Due to the workpiece down bending, can be close to the arc body, flatness error is small, high precision machining, but also a folder milling the entire plane, no knife marks.

I would like to give you a small proposal to use the universal milling machine. In order to ensure a reasonable tool life, should be preferred to use a larger amount of back to eat knife, followed by a larger choice of feed, and finally is based on the life of the tool to select the appropriate milling speed. In this way, we can give full play to the advantages and functions of universal milling machine.